Georgios Karamanis |||
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April 22, 2025 30DayChartChallenge, Sweden, health, mortality, death, age, cancer, population, R, data visualization, complications, hospitalizations, births, healthcare, antibiotics, drugs

30DayChartChallenge 2025

Day 1: Fractions

Share of deaths by age group in Sweden, 1950-2023

A stacked area chart showing how the age distribution of deaths in Sweden has changed between 1950 and 2023. The chart reveals a clear shift towards deaths occurring at older ages. The bottom of the chart shows that child mortality (ages 0-9) has dramatically decreased from about 5% to less than 1% of all deaths. The middle sections show declining shares for ages 20-79. The most striking change is visible in the top sections, where deaths among those aged 80-99 have become dominant, now accounting for 58% of all deaths, while deaths of centenarians (100+) have increased from a tiny fraction to a visible portion of the total. A notable bump in the elderly death shares appears in 2020, reflecting the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Day 2: Slope

Lung cancer diagnoses and deaths in Sweden, 1973-2023

A slope chart showing the reversal in lung cancer rates in Sweden between 1973-2023. Four lines connect data points across the 50-year period: two declining lines for men (diagnosis and mortality) and two rising lines for women (diagnosis and mortality). In 1973, men’s rates were nearly 4 times higher than women’s (around 40 vs 10 per 100,000). By 2023, women’s rates exceeded men’s for both diagnosis (48.6 vs 37.1) and mortality (37.1 vs 30.3).

Day 3: Circular

Sweden’s motherhood cycles

A circular stacked bar chart showing Sweden’s motherhood trends from 1973 to 2023. The years radiate outward from the center, with colored segments representing different maternal age groups. The chart reveals 10-15 year cycles in birth rates with peaks around 1990-1992 (120,000+ births) and 2016 (118,600), and a low point in 1999 (84,400). The visualization highlights a significant demographic shift: the dominant maternal age group changed from 25-29 years in 1973 to 30-34 years by 2023, while mothers under 25 decreased dramatically from 43,400 to 7,600 over the 50-year period.

Day 4: Big or Small

BIG PRIVATE vs small public dental care

This visualization shows the proportion of private versus public dental care providers across all Swedish counties in 2023, displayed as a series of pie charts arranged in a geographic grid resembling Sweden’s shape. Each county features a pie bar chart with dark red segments representing private providers and light gray segments representing public providers. Private dental providers dominate in every county, with percentages displayed in white text. The proportions range from the smallest private share in Värmland (51.2%) to the largest in Jämtland (78.3%). Most northern counties show particularly high private sector dominance, with Norrbotten (77.6%), Västernorrland (74.9%), and Dalarna (73.9%) having among the highest private shares. The national average shows 65.9% private dental care.

Day 5: Ranking

Ranking of Swedish counties by number of healthcare professionals

A visualization showing the distribution of healthcare professionals across Swedish counties using a geofaceted grid that maintains Sweden’s geographic shape. For each county, seven professions (nurses, doctors, midwives, dentists, pharmacists, psychologists, and physiotherapists) are displayed as dots on a horizontal scale, showing their rankings from 1 to 21. Top 10 rankings are highlighted with colored dots (using a gradient from dark to light) and display the actual rank number, while rankings 11-21 appear as light grey dots. Key patterns show that Västerbotten leads in multiple categories, particularly with the highest numbers of nurses (1,433 per 100,000 inhabitants), dentists (87), and doctors (526). Uppsala shows an interesting contrast with high rankings in most professions but ranks last (21st) for nurses. The visualization reveals significant regional variations in healthcare workforce distribution, with northern counties generally showing strong nursing numbers but lower pharmacist coverage. A dotted line grid and a horizontal line marking the top-10 threshold help readers track rankings across professions.

Day 6: Nightingale

Allergy medication prescriptions in Sweden

A series of 21 circular charts showing allergy medication dispensing patterns across Swedish regions in 2023. Each chart represents a region with twelve spokes (months), where the length and color of each spoke indicates medication rates per 1,000 residents. The pattern shows a clear peak in May (up to 8.3 prescriptions in Stockholm) and lowest rates in winter months (below 1).

Day 7: Outliers

Assault-related hospitalizations in Sweden

A horizontal bar chart showing how Swedish counties deviate from national averages in assault-related hospitalizations. The data is split into three columns (Women, Men, Total) with each county having horizontal bars extending left or right from a central line. Red bars indicate rates above the national average, blue bars below. Södermanland and Västmanland having notably higher rates than average, while Västerbotten has lower rates.

Day 9: Diverging

Stroke cases in Sweden, 2003-2023

The chart visualizes stroke cases in Sweden from 2003 to 2023, differentiated by gender and age. It uses diverging bars to show the number of cases, with 2003 data displayed with lower transparency. A magnifying glass highlights the increase in stroke cases among men aged 30-34, while an annotation points out the decrease in cases among women aged 80+

Day 10: Multimodal

Selected medication groups with bimodal age distribution in Sweden

A faceted bar chart showing age-related patterns in medication use across three drug categories in Sweden for 2024. The visualization reveals distinct bimodal distributions: Drugs for constipation peak in young children (293 per 1,000 residents aged 0-4) and elderly (891 per 1,000 residents aged 85+). Antibiotics show lower overall usage but follow a similar pattern, with higher rates in very young children (18 per 1,000 in ages 0-4) and increasing rates with age (44 per 1,000 in 85+). Drugs for obstructive airway diseases demonstrate high usage in both young children (226 per 1,000 in ages 0-4) and a steady increase with age, reaching maximum usage in ages 80-84 (674 per 1,000). Each category is shown in a separate panel with distinct colors.

Day 11: Stripes

Hospitalizations for mental health conditions in Sweden

A faceted visualization showing mental health hospitalization rates in Sweden from 1988 to 2023, split into four age groups (15-24, 25-44, 45-64, and 65-74 years). Each age group is displayed as a vertical stripe where color intensity represents the number of cases per 100,000 residents. Dashed vertical lines mark the 1995 healthcare reform and 2020 COVID-19 pandemic. The visualization reveals a decrease in hospitalizations for older age groups after the 1995 reform, while showing a doubling of admissions for young adults aged 15-24 over the 35-year period.

Day 13: Clusters

Percentage of population receiving municipal care

A faceted plot showing the distribution of healthcare recipients across Swedish municipalities by age group and municipality type. The visualization uses a hexagonal weave pattern to display clusters, with metropolitan areas (orange) concentrated at lower rates, while larger cities (purple) and rural municipalities (teal) show higher rates, especially among those over 80 years old. Stockholm County municipalities are highlighted to show their distinctly lower rates due to different responsibility setups.

Day 13: Clusters

Percentage of population receiving municipal care

A line chart displaying the total net monthly days for childcare leave (VAB) in Sweden for each year from 2006 to 2024. The horizontal axis represents months from January to December, and the vertical axis represents the number of net days. A distinct seasonal pattern is visible, with peaks typically occurring in February or March and a minimum in July. The line for 2020 is highlighted, showing a dramatic increase in March 2020, reaching nearly double the typical peak values, corresponding to the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Day 15: Complicated

Hospital discharge rates in Sweden due to medical and surgical complications

A stacked area chart showing hospital discharge rates in Sweden due to medical and surgical complications per 100 000 inhabitants, from 2001 to 2023. The x-axis shows the years, and the y-axis shows the rate. Different coloured areas represent age groups, stacked vertically. Labels on the right identify the age groups, with older groups (e.g., 85+, 75-84) forming the largest segments at the top. The total rate generally increased until around 2015, fluctuated, dipped noticeably in 2020 (COVID-19), and rose again by 2023.

Day 16: Negative

Trends in licensed health practitioners in Sweden

A grid of small line charts, each showing the trend in the number of licensed health practitioners under 65 for a specific profession in Sweden from 2019 to 2023. Professions shown include Physician, Nurse, Dentist, etc. The horizontal axis represents the year (2019 to 2023), and the vertical axis represents the number of practitioners on a logarithmic scale. Within each chart, a solid line labelled ‘women’ and a dashed line labelled ‘men’ show the trends for each sex. Lines are coloured green for professions with an overall increase between 2019 and 2023, and pink/magenta for those with a decrease (negative trend), such as Psychotherapist, Dental Hygienist (women), and Dentist (men). Source: National Board of Health and Welfare (Socialstyrelsen)

Day 17: Birds

Professional licences in Sweden by country of education

A faceted treemap titled “Flocking to Sweden” shows 2023 Swedish professional licences by country of education (Sweden, EU/EFTA, other countries) for 22 healthcare professions. Each profession has its own treemap, ordered by the proportion educated abroad. Most professions are dominated by Swedish-educated individuals (light grey), but physicians show many from EU/EFTA (yellow), while apothecaries, dentists, and chiropractors have significant numbers from ‘other countries’ (pink). Naprapaths were exclusively educated in Sweden.

Day 19: Smooth

Antibiotics in Sweden are declining

A line chart titled “Swedish antibiotic prescriptions fall, gender gap persists” displays the rate of patients per 1 000 inhabitants receiving at least one antibiotic prescription in Sweden from 2006 to 2023. Two lines are shown: one blue for women and one orange for men, with smoothed trend lines overlaid. Both lines show a clear downward trend over the 17-year period. The line for women is consistently higher than the line for men. A light grey shaded rectangle highlights a dip in prescriptions for both sexes during the 2020-2021 COVID-19 pandemic years. The subtitle notes an overall decrease of around 37% between 2006 and 2023, and that the rate for women in 2023 was approximately 50% higher than for men.

Day 20: Urbanization

Breastfeeding during the first year in Swedish municipalities by degree of urbanization

A multi-panel line chart titled “Breastfeeding rates don’t vary much by how urban a municipality is”. The chart displays the percentage of exclusively or partially breastfed infants born in Sweden in 2021, measured at 2, 4, 6, 8, and 12 months of age (x-axis). The y-axis shows the percentage from 0% to 100%. The chart is divided into multiple panels (facets) based on the Swedish Association of Local Authorities and Regions (SALAR) municipality classification. These classifications are nested under three main headings: “Large cities and municipalities near large cities”, “Medium-sized towns and municipalities near medium-sized towns”, and “Smaller towns/urban areas and rural municipalities”. Within each panel, faint grey lines represent individual municipalities, while a prominent smoothed blue line with an orange confidence interval shows the average trend for that specific municipality subgroup. All panels show a general downward trend in breastfeeding rates as infants get older, starting at around 80% at 2 months and decreasing to around 30% by 12 months.

Day 22: Stars

Breastfeeding during the first year in Swedish municipalities by degree of urbanization

The chart shows trends in positive attitudes among Swedes towards three types of digital health services from 2020 to 2024. Each thin line represents a county, while the bold line shows the national average. The three facets display: positivity towards digital technology for care, positivity towards home care with digital support, and positivity towards 1177’s e-services (Sweden’s national health portal). Support for all three indicators increased in 2021 during the pandemic. Only support for 1177’s e-services remained high after 2021, while the other two indicators fell below pre-pandemic levels. Star symbols next to the latest data summarise the level of positivity.

Day 23: Log scale

Women health care managers in Sweden earn a lot less than men

The chart displays the salary ratio (women / men) for senior and middle management roles in health care, using a logarithmic scale. In most years, women earned less than men in both roles. In 2023, women earned 14 400 SEK less as clinical and operations managers and 18 600 SEK less as department and unit managers. Men’s salaries for 2018 are missing. Data source: Statistics Sweden.

Code for all charts on GitHub

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